During outpatient check-ups, doctors and specialized nurses monitor the development of heart failure over time. They usually respond to sudden deterioration by changing medication and taking other measures. However, healthcare professionals do not see you every day, so it is very important that you monitor yourself at home. Do not rely on getting examined only when you notice undesirable symptoms. The worsening of heart failure can be detected even before it causes any noticeable problems, and with timely treatment, it may not even start to cause any problems.
Keep a diary
To keep track of your condition, it is essential to record the same basic parameters at the same time every day. Write down your daily body weight, the state of your edema, shortness of breath, and the amount of diuretics you have taken. If you suffer from other diseases, it may be beneficial to also add your blood sugar level, blood pressure, or other data.
Daily monitoring of body weight
Daily weighing is a simple but effective way to detect possible fluid retention. A sudden weight gain of more than 1–2 kg within 1–2 days may indicate fluid accumulation in the body, which requires immediate consultation with a doctor or specialist nurse. This allows for timely adjustment of treatment, such as changing the dose of diuretics. This can help prevent further complications and avoid the need for hospitalization.
Monitoring for swelling and shortness of breath
Swelling, especially of the lower extremities, and shortness of breath are other important symptoms to monitor. Under normal circumstances, the right side of the heart pumps deoxygenated blood from the entire body to the lungs, and oxygenated blood returns to the left side of the heart and is pumped back into the body. However, in heart failure, fluid can accumulate in front of the individual chambers of the heart. Commonly referred to as “water on the lungs,” this causes shortness of breath, while fluid accumulation throughout the body causes swelling, especially in the lower extremities. Reduced liver or kidney function can also contribute to swelling. Regular monitoring and recording of these symptoms provides healthcare professionals with important information for adjusting treatment.
Use of diuretics
Diuretics are common medications that help the body get rid of excess fluid. Regular monitoring of their effect is essential, as the correct dosage can alleviate the symptoms of heart failure and improve overall health. Patients should keep regular records of their diuretic use and consult their doctor about any changes. In some cases, such as during hot weather, diarrhea, or vomiting, it is advisable to reduce the dose of diuretics.
